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In a notebook dated pre-1948, Leonardo Da Vinci wrote a chapter, “VII: on the proportions and on the movements of the human figure”. In this literature, da Vinci went into detail about the ideal human face ratios from the front and profile views. Here is an excerpt from his text:
“The space from the chin to the base of the nose is the third part of the face and equal to the length of the nose and the forehead. The distance from the middle of the nose to the bottom of the chin is half the length of the face. The distance from the top of the nose, where the eyebrows begin to the bottom of the chin, is two-thirds of the face.”
His fascination with the beautiful proportions of the human body and face can be reflected in modern-day perspectives of facial aesthetics known as the “golden ratio”.
The golden ratio, derived from the Fibonacci sequence is a mathematical calculation that, similar to Da Vinci’s architectural breakdown of the face, offers a harmonious measurement to achieve aesthetic beauty. The golden number, also called the divine ratio, Phi, is approximately 1.618.
The ideal face defined by this ratio would mean that a person’s face is about 1.5 times longer than it is wide. The three segments of the face, from the hairline to the eyes, the eyes to the bottom of the nose, and the nose to the bottom of the chin should be equal in thirds to be deemed beautiful. The face also has a vertical division of fifths starting from the outer edge of the ear and ideally spanning 5 eye-widths apart.
Scientific studies have shown that the closer to these proportions one is, the more attractive they are perceived. Many characteristics make us gravitate towards people, but it is proven statistically that balanced features increase attraction. The artists of the renaissance knew this and applied the divine proportions to their paintings and statues. This symmetry applies to more than just art, it is found in animals, hurricanes, architecture, and TEETH!
The golden proportion is KEY to aesthetic dentistry. The first-ever documented correlation between Phi and teeth was first described by Dr. Richard Lomardi in 1973 in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry in an article about denture aesthetics. This eventually became adopted into routine dentistry applying to the space between the distal of the maxillary canines.
This incredible yet simple sequence is used to calculate the beauty in smile design and balance your proportions to the symmetry of nature. Dentistry provides simple and advanced techniques and treatments to offer you a smile that even da Vinci would be in awe of.
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